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Beheaded | BROWNE, Sir George (I9352)
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Beheaded on false charges of plotting to overthrow the king, Henry VIII. As a result, the Dukedom of Buckingham and estates were forfeited, and her children lost their inheritance.
Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham KG (3 February 1478 – 17 May 1521) was an English nobleman. He was the son of Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, and Katherine Woodville, whose sister, Queen Elizabeth Woodville, was the wife of King Edward IV. He was convicted of treason, and executed on 17 May 1521.
Contents [hide]
1 Family
2 Career
3 Betrayal and execution
4 Marriage and issue
5 Ancestry
6 In fiction
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links
Family[edit]
Edward Stafford, born 3 February 1478 at Brecon Castle in Wales, was the eldest son of Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, and Catherine Woodville (the daughter of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers, by Jacquetta of Luxembourg, daughter of Pierre de Luxembourg, Count of St. Pol) and was thus a nephew of Elizabeth Woodville, queen consort of King Edward IV.[1]
By his father's marriage to Catherine Woodville, Stafford had a younger brother, Henry Stafford, 1st Earl of Wiltshire,[2] and two sisters, Elizabeth, who married Robert Radcliffe, 1st Earl of Sussex, and Anne, who married firstly Sir Walter Herbert (d. 16 September 1507), an illegitimate son of William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke,[3] and secondly George Hastings, 1st Earl of Huntingdon.[4]
After the execution of the 2nd Duke of Buckingham, his widow, Catherine Woodville, married Jasper Tudor, second son of Owen Tudor and King Henry V's widow, Catherine of Valois. After Jasper Tudor's death on 21 December 1495, Catherine Woodville married Sir Richard Wingfield (d. 22 July 1525). Catherine Woodville died 18 May 1497. After her death, Sir Richard Wingfield married Bridget Wiltshire, daughter and heiress of Sir John Wiltshire of Stone, Kent.[5]
Career[edit]
In October 1483 Stafford's father participated in a rebellion against King Richard III. He was beheaded without trial on 2 November 1483, whereby all his honours were forfeited. Stafford is said to have been hidden in various houses in Herefordshire at the time of the rebellion, and perhaps for the remainder of Richard III's reign. However, after Richard III's defeat at Bosworth on 22 August 1485, and King Henry VII's accession to the crown, Stafford was made a Knight of the Order of the Bath on 29 October 1485 as Duke of Buckingham, and attended Henry VII's coronation the following day, although his father's attainder was not formally reversed by Parliament until November. The young Duke's wardship and lands were granted, on 3 August 1486, along with the wardship of his younger brother, Henry Stafford, to the King's mother, Margaret Beaufort, and according to Davies it is likely Buckingham was educated in her various households.[6]
Buckingham was in attendance at court at the creation of Henry VII's second son, the future King Henry VIII, as Duke of York, on 9 November 1494, and was made a Knight of the Order of the Garter in 1495. In September 1497 he was a captain in the forces sent to quell a rebellion in Cornwall.
According to Davies, as a young man Buckingham played a conspicuous part in royal weddings and the reception of ambassadors and foreign princes, 'dazzling observers by his sartorial splendour'. At the wedding of Henry VII's then eldest son and heir Arthur, Prince of Wales, and Catherine of Aragon in 1501, he is said to have worn a gown worth £1500. He was the chief challenger at the tournament held the following day.[7]
At the accession of King Henry VIII, Buckingham was appointed on 23 June 1509, for the day of the coronation only, Lord High Constable, an office which he claimed by hereditary right. He also served as Lord High Steward at the coronation, and bearer of the crown. In 1509 he was made a member of the King's Privy Council. On 9 July 1510 he had licence to crenellate his manor of Thornbury, Gloucestershire, and according to Davies rebuilt the manor house as 'an impressively towered castle' with 'huge oriel windows in the living-quarters in the inner court'.[8]
In 1510 Buckingham was involved in a scandal concerning Anne, his sister and the wife of George Hastings, 1st Earl of Huntingdon.[9] After hearing rumours concerning her and Sir William Compton, Buckingham found Compton in Anne's room. Compton was forced to take the sacrament to prove that he and Anne had not committed adultery, and Anne's husband sent her away to a convent 60 miles (97 km) from the court. There is no extant evidence establishing that Anne and Sir William Compton were guilty of adultery. However, in 1523 Compton took the unusual step of bequeathing land to Anne in his will, and directing his executors to include her in the prayers for his kin for which he had made provision in his will.[10] There are some suggestions that the affair continued until 1513. However, he returned to the King's graces, being present at the marriage of Henry's sister, served in Parliament and was present at negotiations with Francis I of France and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.
From June to October 1513 Buckingham served as a captain during Henry VIII's invasion of France, commanding 500 men in the 'middle ward'.[11] About 1517 he was one of twelve challengers chosen to tilt against the King and his companions, but excused himself on the ground that he feared to run against the King's person. He and his wife, Eleanor, attended the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520.[12]
Although Buckingham was appointed to commissions of the peace in 1514 and charged, together with other marcher lords, with responsibility for keeping order in south Wales, he was rebuked by the King in 1518 for failing to achieve the desired results. According to Davies, in general Buckingham exercised little direct political influence, and was never a member of the King's inner circle.[13]
Betrayal and execution[edit]
Buckingham was one of few peers with substantial Plantagenet blood and maintained numerous connections, often among his extended family, with the rest of the upper aristocracy, which activities attracted Henry's suspicion. During 1520, Buckingham became suspected of potentially treasonous actions and Henry VIII authorised an investigation. The King personally examined witnesses against him, gathering enough evidence for a trial. The Duke was finally summoned to Court in April 1521 and arrested and placed in the Tower. He was tried before a panel of 17 peers, being accused of listening to prophecies of the King's death and intending to kill the King. He was executed on Tower Hill on 17 May. Buckingham was posthumously attainted by Act of Parliament on 31 July 1523, disinheriting most of his wealth from his children.[14]
John Guy (1988) concludes this was one of the few executions of high personages under Henry VIII in which the accused was "almost certainly guilty". However Sir Thomas More complained that the key evidence from servants was hearsay.[15]
Buckingham's literary patronage included two translations, a printed translation of Helyas, Knyghte of the Swanne, which he commissioned in 1512, and A Lytell Cronicle, a translation of an account of the Middle East which he may have commissioned in 1520 in connection with his proposed pilgrimage to Jerusalem.[16]
Marriage and issue[edit]
In 1488 Henry VII had suggested a marriage between Buckingham and Anne of Brittany, but in December 1489 the executors of Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland, paid the King £4000 for Buckingham's marriage to Percy's eldest daughter Eleanor (d. 1530). They had a son and three daughters:[17]
Henry Stafford, 1st Baron Stafford (18 September 1501 – 30 April 1563), who married Ursula Pole, daughter of Sir Richard Pole by his second wife, Margaret, Countess of Salisbury, daughter of George, Duke of Clarence.[18]
Lady Elizabeth Stafford (c. 1497 – 30 November 1558), the second wife Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk.[19]
Lady Katherine Stafford (c. 1499 – 14 May 1555), who married Ralph Neville, 4th Earl of Westmorland.[20]
Lady Mary Stafford, the youngest daughter, who married, about June 1519, as his third wife, George Neville, 5th Baron Bergavenny.[21]
Buckingham is also said to have had three[22] illegitimate children:[23]
George Stafford.
Henry Stafford.
Margaret Stafford (c. 1511 – 25 May 1537), whom Buckingham married to his ward, Thomas Fitzgerald of Leixlip, half-brother to the Earl of Kildare.[24]
Ancestry[edit]
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[show]Ancestors of Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham
In fiction[edit]
Buckingham is played by Charles Dance in the 2003 two-part drama Henry VIII starring Ray Winstone and Helena Bonham Carter. His character was a minor one, killed off in the first 15 minutes.
Buckingham is a character in the first two episodes of the first season of the drama series The Tudors. Portrayed by Steven Waddington, Buckingham's intrigues are fictionalized, with several key facts omitted.
The accusation and condemnation of Buckingham is depicted in the Shakespeare play Henry VIII.
Buckingham's son is a character in the novel The Blanket of the Dark, by John Buchan (1931). He has grown up as Peter Pentecost in the forests near Oxford and is told of his true heritage in the year 1536. Later he has a fateful encounter with the King and decides that he does not wish to pursue a life of power.
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Richardson IV 2011, p. 82.
Jump up ^ According to Davies he may have had another brother, Humphrey Stafford, who died young.
Jump up ^ Harris 2002, p. 145.
Jump up ^ Richardson II 2011, p. 374; Richardson IV 2011, p. 82; Davies 2008; Dockray 2004.
Jump up ^ Richardson IV 2011, pp. 82–3; Davies 2008.
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1912, p. 390; Cokayne 1959, p. 738;Richardson IV 2011, p. 85; Pollard 1898, p. 446; Davies 2004; Davies 2008.
Jump up ^ Pollard 1898, p. 446; Davies 2004; Davies 2008.
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1912, p. 390; Pollard 1898, p. 446; Davies 2008; Richardson IV 2011, p. 85.
Jump up ^ Hart, Kelly (June 1, 2009). The Mistresses of Henry VIII (First ed.). The History Press. ISBN 0-7524-4835-8.
Jump up ^ Harris 2002, p. 83.
Jump up ^ Pollard 1898, p. 446; According to Cokayne, p. 390, Buckingham commanded the right wing at the siege of Therouanne.
Jump up ^ Davies 2008; Richardson IV 2011, p. 85.
Jump up ^ Davies 2008.
Jump up ^ Pollard 1898, p. 447.
Jump up ^ John Guy, Tudor England (1988) p. 97.
Jump up ^ Davies 2008.
Jump up ^ Davies 2008; Richardson IV 2011, pp. 85–7.
Jump up ^ Richardson IV 2011, p. 86.
Jump up ^ Richardson II 2011, pp. 415–16.
Jump up ^ Richardson IV 2011, p. 85.
Jump up ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 170.
Jump up ^ Davies names only two illegitimate children, Henry and Margaret.
Jump up ^ Richardson IV 2011, p. 85.
Jump up ^ Davies 2008; Harris 2002, p. 161.
References[edit]
Burke, John (1831). A general and heraldic dictionary of the peerages of England, Ireland, and Scotland, extinct, dormant, and in abeyance. Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley. p. 490.
Cokayne, George Edward (1912). The Complete Peerage edited by Vicary Gibbs. II. London: St Catherine Press.
Cokayne, George Edward (1959). The Complete Peerage edited by Geoffrey H. White. XII (Part II). London: St Catherine Press.
Davies, C. S. L. (2008). "Stafford, Edward, third duke of Buckingham (1478–1521)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/26202. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Davies, C. S. L. (2004). "Stafford, Henry, second duke of Buckingham (1455–1483)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/26204. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Dockray, Keith (2004). "Stafford, Henry, earl of Wiltshire (c.1479–1523)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/70804. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Harris, Barbara J. (2002). English Aristocratic Women, 1450-1550. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Pollard, Albert Frederick (1898). "Edward Stafford (1478-1521)". In Lee, Sidney. Dictionary of National Biography. 53. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 446–7.
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966373.
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966381.
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. IV (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1460992709.
External links[edit]
Thornbury Castle
Stafford family, Tudorplace website[unreliable source?]
Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, at thepeerage.com[unreliable source?] | STAFFORD, Edward 3rd Duke of Buckingham (I15189)
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Beheaded. | LE DE SPENCER, Earl of Gloucester, 6th Lord le DeSpencer Thomas (I1749)
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| 604 |
Believed to be a lineal descendant of Robertus de Den, ‘pencerna’, or butler to Edward the Confessor - see Denne of Denne Hill.
Buried as "Wife the Richard Austen the elder."
Denne references in KAS journals
arms 4, 258; 10, 330;
Alice 9, 289; 20, 26;
Amfrid de (1200) 2, 252
Sir Anered de (1252) 2, 311
Nicholas de (1254) 3, 243
Ralph de (1198) 1, 268; 22, 255; 21, 221
Robert 21, 320, 321; 25, 269, 271
Thomas de (1196) 1, 233-4;
10th May 1196, 7 Ric. I. Thomas de Dene and Harlewin his brother (in a plea under a writ of right) quitclaim to Thomas de Godwinestone [i.e. Goodnestone, or Gunston[ one soling and a half of land in East Ratling, for which he gives them six marks, and eighteen acres and a quarter in a field called Uikham *(to be hald of said Thomas de Godwinestone by fourpence per annum) and six marks sterling.
Cordia facta, in Curia domini Regis apud Westmonasterium
1 Solinga, a Solin, a measure of land peculiar to Kent. In Doomsday we have, "In communi terra Sancti Martini sunt cccc acre et dim., quae fiunt duos solinos et dimid." Agard considers that dim. refers to "hundred," and not to "acre," which makes the passage tantamount to "450 acres being equal to two and a-half Solins;" thus the Solin would be 180 acres, but he considers it to be, "after English account," 216 acres, and "after Norman tale," 180 acres.
2 Uikham? We have represented the three minims with which the word commences, by Ui.
die Jovis proxima post Inventionem Sancte Crucis, anno regni Regis Ricardi vij°.
Coram H. Cantuariensi Archiepiscopo, . . . . et G. Roffensi, Episcopis, H. Cantuariensi, et R. Herefordensi, et E. Elyensi Archidiaconis, Comite Rogero Bigot, G. filio Petri, Osberto filio Hervei, Willelmo . . . . . . Heriet, Simoiie de Patishull, Thoma de Huseboume, et aliis Baronibus et fidelibus domini Regis ibidem tune presentibus.
Inter THOMAM DE DENE et HARLEWINUM . . . . petentes, et THOMAM DE GODWINESTONE, tenentem.
De una sollinga1 terre et dimidia, cum pertinenciis, m ESTRETLING.
Unde placitum fait inter eos . . . . domini Regis., per breve de recto, quod predicti THOMAS et HERLEWINUS quietum clamaverunt in perpetuum, de se et heredibus suis, totum jus, et clamium suum quod clamaverunt, in predicta terra, cum pertinentiis, in ESTRETLING, predicto Thome et heredibus suis.
Et pro hac quieta clamancia, fine, et concordia, dedit predictus THOMAS DE GODWINESTONE predictis . . . . fratri ejns, xviij acras terre, et unam virgatam, cum pertinenciis, in campo qui appellatur UIKHAM,2 tenendas in perpetuum ipsis et
heredibus suis de . . . . THOMA DE GODWINESTON, et heredibus suis, solvendo per annum iiijd, pro . . . . servicio, in festo Sancti Michaelis. Et preterea, idem THOMAS DE GODWINESTONE . . . . predictis THOME et HAELEWINO fratri ejus, vi marcas sterlingorum.
20, 18; 25, 207, 263, 264, 272, 275, 278, 281, 282, 287
Sir Thomas 30, 68
(1220) 2, 227
(1252) 2, 310;
Thomas de 10, 137, 142, 159; 15, 29
Walter de 12, 230;
@m de 2, 307; 3, 100; 4, 208
Michael (1465) 10, 255
Thomas (1465) 10, 255 received pay by john Boteller for Michael and Thomas in part of payment the 13 day of Feb the 5th year of King Edward 37 li, 6s 8d
Item of Michell and Thomas Denne be a Bocher of London 4s 4d
Thomas 12, 415; 14, 177; 18, 417 | A’DENNE, Agnes (I12093)
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Believed to have been the only child and had been born mentally challenged. | JACK, James Spiers (I11018)
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Below is a transcription of the broadsheet ballad published many years ago. Only one word was not clear. The ballad was presumably sung to a popular tune of the day.
In 1827 Sarah and Edward Glass were murdered by Thomas Friend, a
long-time servant of the family.
Sarah's mother, a widow, had gone out visiting and her daughter and
Edward had agreed to meet up with her on her way home. On her return,
the young people were not at the arranged spot and neither were they at
home. The long-time servant, Thomas Friend, had also disappeared. Mrs.
Glass spent an anxious night but they did not come home and in the
morning their bodies were discovered on the moor. The rest was as in
the ballad. Thomas had some significant savings put by, so it sounds as
if it really was a crime of thwarted passion.
The burials of Sarah and Edward Glass are published in the DFSH
Northlew burials 1813-1837. They were held on the 22nd March 1827 and
the note says 'BEAWORTHY MURDERED ASHBURY '.
THE Ashbury Tragedy,
By THOMAS HOOPER of JACOBSTOWE
[Printer, Simmons of Okehampton.]
My name is FRIEND of ASHBURY,
And wretched is my lot;
For loving of Miss SARAH GLASS,
Has brought me to the drop.
I often did entreat this Maid,
To join our hearts and hands,
Her answer was, I'll never wed
My Mother's servant man.
In Eighteen hundred and twenty-seven,
On March the nineteenth day;
A wicked thought came in my head,
To take her life away.
Her Mother being gone fom home,
Upon that awful day;
Miss Sarah and her Nephew went,
To meet her on the way.
It being very dark that night,
The Lantern they took down;
I took the night and laid in wait,
It was on Wadham Down.
And when they came into the place
Where I in ambush lay;
My butcher's knife was in my hand,
To take their life away.
I quickly hasten'd from the spot,
And caught this lovely maid,
Because you will not be my wife,
I'll murder you I said.
She fell upon her bending knees,
For mercy she did cry,
My God! O spare my life she said,
I'm not prepar'd to die.
Unto her cries, I would not list,
And then I cut her throat,
And laid her bleeding on the ground,
'Twill never be forgot.
Her Nephew, the young Edward Glass,
He felt some great alarm,
When Satan whisper'd, murder him,
Tho' he had done no harm.
The boy ran from the bloody scene,
I followed with my knife,
And then I likewise cut his throat,
And took his tender life.
All night they lay upon the ground,
Still in their bloody gore,
And I, back to a furze brake went,
Not far from Wadland Moor.
Ealy next morning they were found,
Most shocking for to see,
As they lay murder'd on the ground,
By such a wretch as me.
I lay conceal'd three days and nights,
And bitterly did cry,
For murdering her, I lov'd so well,
And wishing I could die.
I thought upon their burying day,
I'd give my body up,
At the Assizes to be tried,
And drink death's bitter cup.
The next day, they committed me
To Gaol with irons bound
The news of this my dreadful crime,
Soon spread the country round.
On Thursday after was the day,
I to the Judge was brought,
To hear his awful solemn sound,
I shudder'd at the thought.
Sentence of death on me was pass'd
I nothing had to say,
My body for dissection too,
Upon that awful day.
So now my time it is so short,
With sorrow I deplore,
Where will my guilty spirit dwell,
When time shall be no more.
The fatal morning now is come,
The last that I shall greet,
For I must leave this earthly stage,
The eternal Judge to meet.
O may he pardon all my sins,
Forgive one what is past;
For my repentance now is o'er,
And this day is my last.
So then they led me from my cell,
My hands behind me bound,
The Chaplain for me did pray,
And thousands standing round.
The Lord have mercy on my soul,
I have nothing more to say;
And instantly the drop did fall,
And I was launch'd away.
This Thomas Friend, their servant man,
Of temper not severe,
And in their service, he had liv'd
For nearly eleven years.
Some money too, I find he sav'd,
'Twas hundreds, two or three,
For loving of this charming maid,
Has prov'd his misery.
Miss Sarah Glass, I understand
Was aged twenty-eight;
Her brother's son was thirteen years,
Both fell by Satan's bait.
Now view this man throughout his life,
Here on this earthly stage,
And see the awful sudden change,
That fourteen days have made.
So to conclude, let no man boast,
Nor on this man d[eride]
For Satan soon will spread his net,
If God's not on our side.
[Reproduced with kind permission of Devon Record Office: Document Ref. 3858Z-0/Z/1] | GLASS, Thomas (I584)
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Benjamin came to Canada during 1844 with his wife and five children. The family first settled in what is now known as Smith Township on Lot 16, Concession 6, located just east of the present town of Bridgenorth. During the mid- to late 1850s the family lived near Bowmanville. The last sighting for this family was in the 1851/52 census at which time they had only one child at home - Mary - and were living on Lot 16, Conc. 6.
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There is another Benjamin Bickle chr at Broadwoodwidger to John and Frances in 1785. These census may relate to him:
1841 Werrington, Devon, England, HO107/259/11, ED 5, fol. 8, p. 19
Jays
Benjamin Bickle, head, mar, 50, farmer, born in county
Ann Bickle, wife, mar, 40, born in county
John Bickle, son, unm, 20, farmers son, born in county
Benjamin Bickle, son, unm, 15, born in county
Mary Bickle, daughter, unm, 15, farmer's daughter, born in county
James Bickle, son, unm, 14, born in county
Betsy Bickle, 12, born in county
Jane Bickle, daughter, mar, 10, born in county
George Bickle, son, unm, 8, born in county
Fanny Bickle, daughter, unm, 5, born in county
Marianna Bickle daughter unm,13, born in county
1851 Werrington, Devon, England, HO107/1899, ED 2a, fol. 232, p. 3
Household Sch. #13, Jays
Benjamin Bickle, head, mar, 66, farmer of 300 acres employing 2 men, born Broadwoodwidger, Devon
Ann Bickle, wife, mar, 56, born St. Giles on the Heath, Devon
John Bickle, son, unm, 27, farmers son, born Werrington, Devon
Benjamin Bickle, son, unm, 25, born Werrington, Devon
Mary Ann Bickle, daughter, unm, 23, farmer's daughter, born Werrington, Devon
James Bickle, son, unm, 21, born Werrington, Devon
Jane Bickle, daughter, mar, 19, born Werrington, Devon
George Bickle, son, unm, 16, born Werrington, Devon
Fanny Bickle, daughter, unm, 14, born Werrington, Devon
Marianna Bickle daughter unm, 13, born Werrington, Devon
Henry Bate, servant, unm, 18, farm labourer, born Werriongton, Devon
George Northy, servant, unm, 14, farm labourer, born Launceton, Cornwall
Jane Horril, servant, unm, 14, house maid, born St. Giles in the Heath, Devon
1861 Werrington, Devon, England, RG9/1519, ED 2, fol. 14, p. 4
Household Sch. #14, Jays
Benjamin Bickle, head, mar, 75, farmer of 250 acres employing 2 labourers and 3 sons, born Broadwoodwidger, Devon
Ann Bickle, wife, mar, 65, born St. Giles on the Heath, Devon
Benjamin Bickle, son, unm, 40, born Werrington, Devon
James Bickle, son, un, 33, born Werrington, Devon
Jane Bickle, daughter, mar, 29, born Werrington, Devon
George Birckle, son, unm, 26, born Werrington, Devon
Fanny Bickle, daughter, unm, 24, born Werrington, Devon
Marianna Bickle daughter unm, 20, born Werrington, Devon
James Baler, servant, unm, 19, carter, born Burrington, Devon
Stephen Ball, servant, unm, 15, ag servant, born Tavistock, Devon
Mary J. Sleeman, servant, unm, 12, house servant, born Devonport, Devon | BICKLE, Benjamin (I924)
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| 608 |
Benjamin had a relatively short life. He worked as a mariner and married Louisa Coulter on 29 December 1831. His first child born was John Toker Nutt who was christened 4 November 1832 at St. Mary's church in Faversham. Sadly, though, Benjamin died almost five months prior to the birth of his only daughter, Louisa maria. She was born 21 December 1834 and christened at the Partridge Lane Independent Church at Faversham.
The last mention of member of this family are Louisa, Ben's wife, who was working as a house servant for John Perkins, a merchant on Abbey Street. John Toker Nutt was living with his grandparents during 1841.
Louisa Marie Nutt, Benjamin's daughter, surfaced in Strood during 1866 for her marriage to Thomas Horace Stacey. The 1881 census revealed that she and her husband had evidently returned to his native parish, Castle Cary in Somerset and that is where there children were born. | NUTT, Benjamin Roots or Ruck (I2983)
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| 609 |
Benjamin was a bricklayer working at Maidstone by 1776 having purchased his freeman's status in that town during 1771.
Source: Consistory Court of Canterbury Vol.67 folio 124, Probate 15 Aug 1799 Benjamin Ruck the elder of Maidstone, bricklayer, will dated 25 Jan 1799 to be buried at Leeds near my late wife John Boys of Teston?, carpenter, executor nephew John Ruck of Maidstone, bricklayer, executor occupier Robert Woollett, Stone Street, Maidstone occupier Steed, St Faiths Green occupiers Collens, Anthony Lockey, Falconer, Pearce, Miles and Thomas Henderson, Stone Street occupiers William Mercer, George Smith, George Highland, Widow Johnson, Tilbe, Joshua Lanes, Broomfield at Stone Street children Benjamin, Daniel and Elizabeth wife of Thomas Sloman of Maidstone, wheelwright Witnessed by Charles Topping - Robert Bewley - John Hill - E.H. Steed 2 Codicils dated 25 Jan 1799 with same witnesses. | RUCK, Benjamin (I6620)
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| 610 |
Bernard (797 – 17 April 818) was the King of the Lombards from 810 to 818. He plotted against his uncle, Emperor Louis the Pious, when the latter's Ordinatio Imperii made Bernard a vassal of his cousin Lothair. When his plot was discovered, Louis had him blinded, a procedure which killed him.
Contents
1 Life
2 Legacy
3 References
4 Sources
Life
Bernard was born in 797, the illegitimate son of King Pepin of Italy, himself the son of the Emperor Charlemagne. In 810, Pepin died from an illness contracted at the siege of Venice. Despite being illegitimate, his grandfather allowed Bernard to inherit Italy.[2] Bernard married a woman named Cunigunde, but the year of their marriage, and her origins, are obscure. Some sources refer to her as "of Laon". They had one son, Pepin, Count of Vermandois, who was born in 817.
In 817, Louis the Pious drew the Ordinatio Imperii, detailing the future of the Frankish Empire. Under this, the bulk of the Frankish territory went to Louis' eldest son, Lothair; Bernard received no further territory, and although his Kingship of Italy was confirmed, he would be a vassal of Lothair, as he had been to Louis and to Charles.[1] Certain of his counselors, including Count Eggideo, and his chamberlain Reginhard, persuaded Bernard that arrangement threatened his position. Other names were Reginhar, the last being the grandson of a Thuringian rebel against Charlemagne, and Hardrad. Anshelm, Bishop of Milan and Theodulf, Bishop of Orléans, were also accused of being involved: there is no evidence either to support or contradict this in the case of Theodulf, whilst the case for Anshelm is murkier.[3][4]
Prior to this, Bernard's relationship with his uncle appears to have been cooperative.[1] Bernard's main complaint was the notion of his being a vassal of Lothair. In practical terms, his actual position had not been altered at all by the terms of the decree, and he could safely have continued to rule under such a system. Nonetheless, "partly true" reports came to Louis the Pious that his nephew was planning to set up an 'unlawful' – i.e. independent – regime in Italy.[3]
Louis the Pious reacted swiftly to the plot, marching south to Chalon. Bernard and his associates were taken by surprise; Bernard travelled to Chalon in an attempt to negotiate terms, but he and the ringleaders were forced to surrender to Louis, who had them taken to Aix-la-Chapelle where they were tried and condemned to death. Louis 'mercifully' commuted their sentences to blinding, which would neutralize Bernard as a threat without actually killing him; however, the process of blinding (carried out by means of pressing a red-hot stiletto to the eyeballs) proved so traumatic that Bernard died in agony two days after the procedure was carried out. At the same time, Louis also had his half-brothers Drogo, Hugh and Theoderic tonsured and confined to monasteries, to prevent other Carolingian offshoots challenging the main line. He also treated those guilty or suspected of conspiring with Bernard harshly: Theodulf of Orleans was imprisoned, and died soon afterwards; the lay conspirators were blinded, the clerics deposed and imprisoned; all lost lands and honours.[3][4][5]
A text called The Vision of the Poor woman of Laon criticizes Louis for Bernard's death.[6]
Legacy
17th century commemorative fresco from Bernard's grave in Milan, Italy
His Kingdom of Italy was reabsorbed into the Frankish empire, and soon after bestowed upon Louis' eldest son Lothair. In 822, Louis made a display of public penance at Attigny, where he confessed before all the court to having sinfully slain his nephew; he also welcomed his half-brothers back into his favour. These actions possibly stemmed from guilt over his part in Bernard's death. It has been argued by some historians that his behaviour left him open to clerical domination, and reduced his prestige and respect amongst the Frankish nobility.[3] Others, however, point out that Bernard's plot had been a serious threat to the stability of the kingdom, and the reaction no less a threat; Louis' display of penance, then, "was a well-judged gesture to restore harmony and re-establish his authority."[5]
References
"Revolt of Bernard of Italy", The Cambridge Medieval History Series volumes 1-5, Plantagenet Publishing
Noble, Thomas F. X., Charlemagne and Louis the Pious, Penn State Press, 2009, ISBN 9780271035734, p. 10
McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
Riché, Pierre, The Carolingians, p. 148
McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge History, 700–900
Knechtges, David R. and Vance, Eugene. Rhetoric and the Discourses of Power in Court Culture, University of Washington Press, 2012, ISBN 9780295802367
Sources
McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
Riché, Pierre, The Carolingians
McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge History, 700–900 | Bernard of Italy, King of the Lombards (I19131)
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| 611 |
Bernard (797, Vermandois, Picardy – 17 April 818, Milan, Lombardy) was the King of the Lombards from 810 to 818. He plotted against his uncle, Emperor Louis the Pious, when the latter's Ordinatio Imperii made Bernard a vassal of his cousin Lothair. When his plot was discovered, Louis had him blinded, a procedure which killed him.
Bernard was the illegitimate son of King Pepin of Italy, the second legitimate son of the Emperor Charlemagne. In 810, Pepin died from an illness contracted at a siege of Venice; although Bernard was illegitimate, Charlemagne allowed him to inherit Italy. Bernard married Cunigunda of Laon in 813. They had one son, Pepin, Count of Vermandois.
Prior to 817, Bernard was a trusted agent of his grandfather, and of his uncle. His rights in Italy were respected, and he was used as an intermediary to manage events in his sphere of influence - for example, when in 815 Louis the Pious received reports that some Roman nobles had conspired to murder Pope Leo III, and that he had responded by butchering the ringleaders, Bernard was sent to investigate the matter.
A change came in 817, when Louis the Pious drew up an Ordinatio Imperii, detailing the future of the Frankish Empire. Under this, the bulk of the Frankish territory went to Louis' eldest son, Lothair; Bernard received no further territory, and although his Kingship of Italy was confirmed, he would be a vassal of Lothair. This was, it was later alleged, the work of the Empress, Ermengarde, who wished Bernard to be displaced in favour of her own sons. Resenting Louis' actions, Bernard began plotting with a group of magnates: Eggideo, Reginhard, and Reginhar, the last being the grandson of a Thuringian rebel against Charlemagne, Hardrad. Anshelm, Bishop of Milan and Theodulf, Bishop of Orléans, were also accused of being involved: there is no evidence either to support or contradict this in the case of Theodulf, whilst the case for Anshelm is murkier.[1][2]
Bernard's main complaint was the notion of his being a vassal of Lothair. In practical terms, his actual position had not been altered at all by the terms of the decree, and he could safely have continued to rule under such a system. Nonetheless, "partly true" reports came to Louis the Pious that his nephew was planning to set up an 'unlawful' - i.e. independent - regime in Italy.[1]
Louis the Pious reacted swiftly to the plot, marching south to Chalon. Bernard and his associates were taken by surprise; Bernard travelled to Chalon in an attempt to negotiate terms, but he and the ringleaders were forced to surrender to him. Louis had them taken to Aix-la-Chapelle, where they were tried and condemned to death. Louis 'mercifully' commuted their sentences to blinding, which would neutralize Bernard as a threat without actually killing him; however, the process of blinding (carried out by means of pressing a red-hot stiletto to the eyeballs) proved so traumatic that Bernard died in agony two days after the procedure was carried out. At the same time, Louis also had his half-brothers Drogo, Hugh and Theoderic tonsured and confined to monasteries, to prevent other Carolingian off-shoots challenging the main line. He also treated those guilty or suspected of conspiring with Bernard treated harshly: Theodulf of Orleans was imprisoned, and died soon afterwards; the lay conspirators were blinded, the clerics deposed and imprisoned; all lost lands and honours.[1][2][3]
His Kingdom of Italy was reabsorbed into the Frankish empire, and soon after bestowed upon Louis' eldest son Lothair. In 822, Louis made a display of public penance at Attigny, where he confessed before all the court to having sinfully slain his nephew; he also welcomed his half-brothers back into his favour. These actions possibly stemmed from guilt over his part in Bernard's death. It has been argued by some historians that his behaviour left him open to clerical domination, and reduced his prestige and respect amongst the Frankish nobility.[1] Others, however, point out that Bernard's plot had been a serious threat to the stability of the kingdom, and the reaction no less a threat; Louis' display of penance, then, "was a well-judged gesture to restore harmony and re-establish his authority."[3]
References:
1. a b c d McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
2. a b Riche, Pierre, The Carolingians, p. 148
3. a b McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge History, 700-900
Sources:
McKitterick, Rosamond, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians
Riche, Pierre, The Carolingians
McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge History, 700-900 | Bernard King of Italy (I11735)
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| 612 |
Bernard I (c. 950 – 9 February 1011) was the Duke of Saxony between 973 and 1011, the second of the Billung dynasty, a son of Duke Herman and Oda. He extended his father's power considerably.
He fought the Danes in 974, 983, and 994 during their invasions. He supported the succession of Otto III over Henry the Wrangler. In 986, he was made marshal and in 991 and 995 he joined the young Otto on campaign against the Slavs. He increased his power vis-à-vis the crown, where his father had been the representative of the king to the tribe, Bernard was the representative of the tribe to the king.[1] Bernard died in 1011 and was buried in the Church of Saint Michael in Lüneburg.[2]
Family
In 990, Bernard married Hildegard (died 1011), daughter of Henry I the Bald, Count of Stade (died 976). They had the following issue:
Herman, died young
Bernard II, his successor
Thietmar, a count, died in a duel on 1 April 1048 in Pöhlde
Gedesdiu (or Gedesti) (died 30 June c. 1040), abbess of Metelen (from 993) and Herford (from 1002)
and probably:
Matilda, nun
Othelindis (died 9 March 1044), married Dirk III of Holland
References
we.archive.org Bernhard I. (Benno), Herzog von Sachsen aus der Familie der BILLUNGER
Freytag, Hans-Joachim. "Bernhard I. (Benno) In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB)". Deutsche Biographie. Duncker & Humblot. Retrieved 26 October 2017. | Bernard I, Duke of Saxony (I19112)
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| 613 |
Bernard II (c. 995 – 29 June 1059) was the Duke of Saxony between 1011 and 1059, the third of the Billung dynasty as a son of Bernard I and Hildegard. Besides his position in Saxony, he had the rights of a count in Frisia.
Bernard expanded the powers of the duke in Saxony and is regarded as the greatest of the Billungers. He was originally a supporter of Holy Roman Emperor Henry II, and he accompanied him into Poland to negotiate the Peace of Bautzen of 1018. In 1019–1020, however, he revolted against Henry[1] and gained the recognition of the tribal laws of Saxony, something his father had failed to do. He then returned to war with the Obodrites and Lutici (two Slavic tribes) and drew them into his sphere of influence through their leader Gottschalk.
He supported Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II in 1024 and his son Henry III, though he began to fear the latter for his closeness to the Archbishop Adalbert of Bremen, whom he considered a spy and inveterate enemy of the dukes of Saxony.[1] Although he was a critical ally of the Danes, who provided fundamental support for Henry's wars in the Low Countries, Bernard was on the brink of rebellion until the death of Adalbert. The remainder of his reign, however, was quiet.
In 1045, he erected the Alsterburg in Hamburg. He died in 1059 and was succeeded without incident by his son Ordulf. He is buried in the Church of Saint Michael in Lüneburg.
Marriage and issue
Bernard II, Duke of Saxony married to Eilika of Schweinfurt, daughter of Henry of Schweinfurt. They had these children together:
Gertrude of Saxony (c. 1030 – August 4, 1113), married firstly to Floris I, Count of Holland, secondly to Robert I, Count of Flanders
Ordulf, Duke of Saxony (c. 1020 – March 28, 1072), who married Ulfhilde or Wulfhilde of Norway (c. 1023 – May 24, 1070), daughter of King Olaf II (St.Olaf) of Norway and his wife Queen Astrid
Hermann
Ida of Saxony, who married Albert III, Count of Namur
References
Timothy Reuter, Germany in the Early Middle Ages C. 800-1056, (Routledge, 1998), 200. | Bernard II, Duke of Saxony (I19110)
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| 614 |
BERRY, ALICE CLARA BERRY LONG Order
GRO Reference: 1876 S Quarter in ORSETT Volume 04A Page 211 | BERRY, Alice Clara (I6857)
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| 615 |
BERRY, ROSE LILIAN LONG Order
GRO Reference: 1878 D Quarter in STEYNING Volume 02B Page 285 | BERRY, Rose Lillian (I6858)
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| 616 |
Bertha of Holland (c. 1055 – 15 October 1094), also known as Berthe or Bertha of Frisia and erroneously as Berta or Bertrada, was queen of France from 1072 until 1092, as the first wife of King Philip I of France. Bertha's marriage to the king in 1072 was a result of peace negotiations between him and her stepfather, Count Robert I of Flanders. After nine years of childlessness, the royal couple had three children, including Philip's successor, Louis VI. Philip, however, grew tired of his wife by 1090, and repudiated her in 1092 in order to marry the already married Bertrade of Montfort. That marriage was a scandal since both Philip and Bertrade were already married to other people, at least until Queen Bertha died the next year.
Early life
Bertha of Holland marrying King Philip I
Bertha was the daughter of Count Floris I of Holland and Gertrude of Saxony.[1] Bertha had six siblings and both of her parents came from large families. Her father ruled a territory vaguely described as "Friesland west of the Vlie", which is where Bertha spent her childhood.[2] Count Floris I was assassinated in 1061,[2] and two years later her mother remarried to Robert of Flanders.[3] Robert, now known as Robert the Frisian, became guardian of Bertha and her six siblings.[2] In 1070, Robert the Frisian became involved in a war with King Philip I of France over succession to the County of Flanders.[2][4] Within two years, Robert and Philip concluded a peace treaty which was to be sealed by a marriage; Robert's own daughters were too young, but their half-sister Bertha was just the right age.[2] Robert thus agreed to the marriage of his stepdaughter to King Philip. Bertha married Philip, thus becoming queen of the Franks, probably in 1072.[2][3]
Queenship
Queen Bertha and King Philip with their children
Bertha was, at the time, the lowest ranking woman to marry a French king; no suitable princess could be found, since they were all too closely related to Philip for the marriage to any of them to be seen as perfectly valid by the Church. Bertha had no kings among her traceable ancestors and lacked even tenuous links with the Carolingian that her predecessors could claim. Consequently, contemporary chroniclers did not even try to present her lineage as more exalted than that of a count's daughter. Nevertheless, the shortage of royal candidates made Bertha a suitable choice.[5] The regal title she gained by this marriage was prestigious, but had little meaning, as she was confined to her husband's small royal domain that covered little more than areas around Paris and Orléans.[2]
Little is known about Bertha's queenship. She co-signed only three donation charters. However, she plays a prominent role in the hagiography titled Vita Arnulfi. The hagiography describes how she used her regal power (vi regia) to expel Abbot Gerard of Saint-Médard and reinstate the former abbot, Pontius, who had been removed due to his mismanagement of the abbey. Saint Arnulf of Soissons warned her that doing so would incur the wrath of God and lead to her being driven out of the kingdom into exile, where she would die despised and miserable. The queen furiously refused to listen to him. Although all the extant versions of Vita Arnulfi refer to the queen as Bertrada, it is clear that the queen mentioned in the hagiography is Bertha of Holland, given that the events mentioned in it took place while Bertha was queen and more than a decade before she was replaced as such by Bertrade. The hagiography, however, was written after Bertha died and during Bertrade's queenship, which might explain the name confusion.[2]
Childlessness
For six years, King Philip and Queen Bertha were troubled by their childlessness and especially by the lack of male children,[4] which was not unusual among the early male members of the House of Capet.[3] Things suddenly took a different course, however, when the Queen had three children in quick succession: a daughter named Constance in 1078 and two sons, the long-hoped heir named Louis in 1081 and Henry, born in 1083 and who died in infancy.[3][4] The birth of the long-awaited heir apparent had such a great impact that a story of a miracle developed around it. Reportedly, the couple's fertility was only restored thanks to the prayers of a hermit, Saint Arnulf of Soissons. Arnulf informed Queen Bertha that she was expecting a son and that it would be appropriate to give him the Carolingian name of Louis. A daughter named Constance soon followed. Bertha gave birth to one more son, named Henry, but he appears to have died in infancy or childhood.[2][4]
Repudiation
King Philip marries Countess Bertrada, with Count Fulk protesting and Queen Bertha imprisoned in a castle
After the birth of three children, the marriage began breaking apart. The King became tired of his wife but the reasons are unclear. Contemporary chroniclers give different explanations. According to the English historian William of Malmesbury, Philip complained that Bertha was "too fat", though he was himself becoming too obese to ride a horse.[3][4] In 1092, Philip announced his decision to divorce "the noble and virtuous daughter of Florent count of Holland and stepdaughter of Robert the Frisian" and marry the already married Bertrada of Montfort, the wife of Count Fulk IV of Anjou. The repudiated queen withdrew to the fortress of Montreuil-sur-Mer, which was part of her dower land.[3] By doing so, Philip infuriated his stepfather-in-law. Bertha died soon thereafter, on 15 October 1094[6] This simplified matters for Philip who was now free to remarry – though not the Countess of Anjou, whose husband Fulk was still living.[4]
In 1108, Philip died. The son of the queen who had been repudiated ostensibly for her obesity ascended the French throne as Louis VI. Both he and her fraternal nephew, Count Floris II of Holland, were nicknamed "the Fat".[2]
Issue
Together, Philip and Bertha had three children:
Constance (1078 – 14 September 1126), married Hugh I of Champagne before 1097 and then, after her divorce, to Bohemund I of Antioch in 1106.
Louis VI of France (1 December 1081 – 1 August 1137).
Henry (1083 – died young).
References
William (of Malmesbury), Gesta Regum Anglorum: The History of the English Kings: General introduction and commentary, Volume 2, Roger Aubrey Baskerville Mynors, Rodney M. Thomson and Michael Winterbottom, (Oxford University Press, 1999), 244.
van Bussel, Marion (2012). "Bertha van Holland (ca. 1055–1094)". Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
Bradbury, Jim (2007). The Capetians: The History of a Dynasty. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 0826435149.
Luscombe, David; Riley-Smith, Jonathan (2004). The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 4, c.1024-c.1198. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521414113.
Bouchard, Constance Brittain (2001). Those of My Blood: Creating Noble Families in Medieval Francia. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0812235908.
Nieuwenhuijsen, Kees (2016). Strijd om West-Frisia. De ontstaansgeschiedenis van het graafschap Holland: 900-1100. Omniboek, Utrecht, p. 221. ISBN 9789401907569. | Bertha of Holland (I19103)
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| 617 |
Bessie Lena Mary RUCK and Albert Richard RUCK are 1st cousins. Their common ancestors are William RUCK and Elizabeth HILLS. | Family (F5159)
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| 618 |
Bethersden, Thos Waterman & Thos Milsted chws [churchwardens], Death of John Thrift vic[ar], 29 Apr 1630 , Relaxed 05 May 1630.
Source: Canterbury Licences (Teaching and Medical) 1568-1646, vol. 12 | MILSTED, Thomas (I4869)
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| 619 |
Betty Doreen Farrall
Birthdate: circa 1922 (90)
Birthplace: Plymouth, Devon
Death: July 02, 2012 (86-94)
Revelstoke Lodge Care Centre, Plymouth, Devon
Place of Burial: Weston Mill Crematorium, Plymouth, Devon
Immediate Family:
Wife of Lionel John Westlake
Managed by: Jeremy Clive Furneaux
Last Updated: December 1, 2016 | FARRALL, Betty Doreen (I13359)
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| 620 |
Between 1148 and 1155 Hugh married Maud le Meschin (also known as Maud/Matile du Bessin), daughter of William Meschin, Lord of Skipton, Yorkshire, and Cecily de Rumilly. Maud (Matilda) was the widow of Philip Belmeis of Tong. Hugh and Maud's son Roger Mortimer of Wigmore succeeded his father as Lord of Wigmore. Hugh and Maud had three other sons, Hugh (killed in a tournament), Ralph, and William. Hugh may have died 26 Feb 1180/81 in Cleobury Mortimer, Shropshire, England, and was buried at Wigmore.[2] | LE MESCHIN, Maud (I15169)
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| 621 |
Bibliografia Italiana
656. Risposta alle allegazioni pubblicate dal conte Andrea Del Medico nella causa ora pendente davanti il supremo consiglio di Modena tra esso e le dame Sarteschi, Borghini e DeNobili. Parma, stamperia Carmignani, 1845 In-4, di pag. 204
------------------------
Memorie storiche dei Reggiani più illustri nelle scienze, nelle lettere, e ... By Enrico Manzini, Girolamo Tiraboschi, p596
Opere edite del Comm. G.C. Vedriani
2nd. - Decisione dell' Ill.mo Supremo Consiglio di Giustizia residente in Modena proferita a sezioni riunite nel giorno 4 Febbrajo 1850, nella causa vertita fra le nobili donne Contessa Carlotta Del-Medico in Sarteschim, Elena Monzoni in Borghini ed Anna Monzoni in De-Nobili col Sig. Conte Andrea Del-Medico di Carrara, in punto di nullita d'istituzione fiduciaria. Modena, Tip. Cappelli, 1850 | Count del Medico Staffetti Andrea St. John Anthony Francis Peter (I10913)
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| 622 |
Biddingfield's burial entry indicates that he was 75 years of age at the time of his death. | LEESE, Biddingfield Henry (I5415)
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| 623 |
BIGONS, alias DIGONS, was once a seat of some note in this parish, and was the residence of a family of the name of Mapelysden; one of which, Edward Mapelysden, of Digons, is mentioned in a deed of the 25th year of king Edward III's reign, and in his descendants it continued down to George Maplesden; and in the Visitation of Kent, anno 1619, is a pedigree of this family, which about this time separated into two branches, one of which settled at Rochester, and the other, being the younger, continued at Maidstone. A descendant of one of them remained at Shorne, near Rochester, within these few years, possessed of a good fortune, and was a justice of the peace for this county. They bore for their arms, Sable, a cross formee fitchee argent. But George Maplesden above-mentioned having engaged in the troubles stirred up by Sir Thomas Wyatt, in the 1st year of queen Mary, forfeited this seat to the crown, whence it was soon afterwards granted to Nicholas Barham, esq. afterwards serjeant-atlaw, the son of Richard Barham, of Wadhurst, in Sussex, descended of a branch of those of Berham-court, in Teston. He bore for his arms, Argent, three bears sable, muzzled or; on a fess gules, a fleur de lis, between two martlets of the second. (fn. 45) He much improved it with additional buildings. His son and heir, Arthur Barham, passed it away by sale to Henry Haule, descended from Thomas de Aula or Haule, of Wye, and bore for his arms, Or, on a saltier sable, five mullets, or. (fn. 46) He resided here, and married Jane, the second daughter of Richard Dering, esq. of Pluckley, by whom he had two sons, Henry and George; the former of whom possessed this seat on his father's death, and soon afterwards alienated it to Sir Francis Barnham, of Hollingbourne, (fn. 47) who improved it much. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Sampson Lennard, esq. by whom he had several children; of whom Dacre, the eldest son, dying unmarried, Robert, his second son, became his heir, and alienated this house, soon after the death of king Charles I. to Walter Franklyn, who sold it to Mr. Beale, of London, as he did afterwards to Griffith Hatley, M. D. the fifth son of John Hatley, citizen of London, who was descended of a good family at Goldington, in Bedfordshire. His epitaph is remaining in the chancel of Maidstone church, and his arms, Azure, a sword in bend between two mullets pierced or. He died possessed of this house in 1710, since which it has continued in the same name and family to the present time, being now the property of James Hatley, esq. of Ipswich, in Suffolk.
The antient scite of Digons is in Knight-riders-street, it was lately a boarding school for young ladies.
From: 'The town and parish of Maidstone: Town and manors', The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 4 (1798), pp. 260-307. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=53808&strquery=haule Date accessed: 06 December 2009.
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CHILLINGSTON is a manor in this parish, the mansion of which was situated near St. Faith's-green, in this town. It was antiently part of the possessions of the eminent family of Cobham, of Cobham, in this county; one of which, John de Cobham, procured a charter of free-warren for this manor, among the rest of his lands in this county, in the 17th year of king Edward III. Soon after which it passed to the Maplesdens, of Digons, in this town, as appears by the court-rolls and deeds of this manor; in which name it continued till George Maplesden, having engaged in the rebellion stirred up by Sir Thomas Wyatt, in the 1st year of queen Mary, forfeited it, to the crown, whence it was soon afterwards granted to Sir Walter Hendley, who not long after alienated his interest in it to Nicholas Barham, esq. afterwards serjeant-at-law, whose son and heir, Arthur Barham, passed it away by sale to Henry Haule, of Digons above-mentioned, whose youngest grandson, George Haule, died about 1650, without issue, leaving his sister, Elizabeth, married to Sir Thomas Taylor, bart. his heir.
From: 'The town and parish of Maidstone: Town and manors', The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 4 (1798), pp. 260-307. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=53808&strquery=haule Date accessed: 06 December 2009. | HAULE, George (I7045)
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| 624 |
Biography of Mary Ann Browning, by Jim DeVore
Mary Ann Browning was born on April 3rd in the Year of Our Lord Seventeen Hundred and Ninety-Seven. Her birthplace was at Hernhill, Kent, England. She was born during the reign of king George III.
When she was 16 years old and was married to Nicholas Mears and later they became the parents of eight children. Her husband Nicholas was a Constable and when he was just 33 years old he was killed in a riot called the Battle of Bosenden Wood.
Later She married again. Her new husband's name was William Lewington Jemmett. At the time of their marriage he was 23 years old and she was 37 years old. She was 14 years older than William. He became the step-father of her 8 children and later they had five children of their own. Their names were William George, Henry George, Edward, Julia Jane, and Rosina Kathleen.
Mary Ann was baptized into the LDS Churches when she was 52 years old. For a time the LDS Mission Home was at her home. Her husband was a pious man and a strict observer of the Sabbath Day.
In 1857 her son William Henry became the first of her family to immigrate to America. He settled in St. Louis Mo. Julia Jane left for America in 1852. When she came to leave her father hugged her and said: “Julia, if it were not for the gospel’s sake, and I didn't know we would meet again somewhere I could never stand this parting." This was the last time they were to ever see each other in this world. William Lewington died two years later when his boat was blown up on the Thames River. William had been the master of a sailing barge named the "Good Design” His occupation was mainly that of an oyster dredger. His boat also hauled freight and on his last trip it was hauling gun powder.
That night when he did not come home Mary Ann thought she heard his little dog scratching at the door she went to check, but there was no dog there. She had a feeling something had happened, and soon the terrible news was brought to her that her husband was killed when his boat was exploded by the gun powder on board. His little dog who would have been with him, also never came home again.
One year after William died Mary Ann decided to journey to America. By this time her son Henry George was also there. In the year 1865 when Mary Ann was 68 years old she and
her daughter , Rosina Kathleen, set sail for America. They sailed on the ship “Bell Wood” out of Liverpool.
They came to America the year the Civil War ended. Rosina and Mary Ann traveled across the planes with the Miner Grant Atwood Co., and had many adventures with Indians who stampeded cattle and Army soldiers who played tricks. They traveled approximately 5-15 miles in one day.
Rosina married Charles Johnson who operated the Sand Hole Stage Station in Kamas Idaho. For a time Mary Ann lived with them. All in all she lived to be 86 years old and died on April 28th of 1883 at Woodland, Utah.
If you visit the Heber City Cemetery in Utah you can see her tombstone.
A grandson was later to write of Mary Ann: "she was kindness itself." | BROWNING, Mary Ann (I7551)
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| 625 |
Birth
YOUNG
ISABELLA TURNER
F
1876
685/5 953
Newington
Death
YOUNG
ISABELLA TURNER
0
TURNER
1876
685/5 606
Newington | (I19809)
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| 626 |
Birth registration:
HOCKING, ELIZABETH ANN RICKARD
GRO Reference: 1850 M Quarter in LISKEARD Volume 09 Page 164
1901
Name Elizabeth A Bassett
Event Type Census
Event Date 31 Mar 1901
Event Place Devonport, Devonshire, England
County Devonshire
Civil Parish Devonport
Ecclesiastical Parish St James The Great
Sub-District Tamar
Registration District Stoke-Damerel
Residence Note Tamar Street
Gender Female
Age 49
Relationship to Head of Household Wife
Birth Year (Estimated) 1852
Birthplace Lenkinghorne, Cornwall
Schedule Type 21
Page Number 4
Household
Role
Sex
Age
Birthplace
Elizabeth A Bassett Wife F 49 Lenkinghorne, Cornwall
Thomas H Hocking Step Son M 20 Pensilva, Cornwall
William H Hocking Step Son M 15 Pensilva, Cornwall
Evelina Hocking Step Daughter F 12 Pensilva, Cornwall
Thomas Densham Boarder M 24 Tanstock, Devonshire
Hedley Hooper Visitor M 30 North Hill, Cornwall (Elizabeth's nephew) | HOCKING, Elizabeth Ann (I13821)
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| 627 |
BIRTH 11 JAN 1900 • Austin, Travis, Texas
DEATH 22 DEC 1974 • San Antonio, Bexar, Texas | SMITH, Arthur William (I17230)
|
| 628 |
BIRTH 14 JUL 1898 • Austin, Travis, Texas
DEATH 5 DEC 1984 • Austin, Travis, Texas | SMITH, Julia Mable (I17229)
|
| 629 |
BIRTH 23 JUN 1904 • Austin, Travis, Texas
DEATH 17 JUNE 1973 • Austin, Travis, Texas | SMITH, Charles Edward Horace "Happy" (I17232)
|
| 630 |
BIRTH 24 MAR 1901 • Austin, TX
DEATH 21 MAR 1988 • Blum, Hill, Texas, United States of America
Spouse & Children
David Russell Robertson
1899–1974
Mildred Maudine Robertson
1924–2012
Private
Private
Woodrow Robertson | SMITH, Pauline Victoria A (I17231)
|
| 631 |
Birth entered same day at Saint Nicholas, Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland | THOMSON, John (I10617)
|
| 632 |
Birth Name Albert Edward Smith
Nickname A.E.
Born June 4, 1875 in Faversham, Kent, England, UK
Died August 1, 1958 in Hollywood, California, USA
Mini Bio (1)
Pioneering film producer and studio executive Albert E. Smith was born in Favershem, County Kent, England, on June 4, 1875, the son of a gardener. There were 9 children in the Smith family--Albert, seven brothers and a sister--and when he was three years old the entire family emigrated to the US, eventually settling in Santa Barbara, California. After a series of uneventful jobs, he took up a career as an illusionist, calling himself "The King of Entertainers". He eventually hooked up with another expatriate Brit, J. Stuart Blackton, and they formed an act and took it on the road. It was somewhat successful, but didn't offer quite the rewards they had envisioned. He and Blackton saw the potential in the burgeoning motion-picture business, and together with William T. Rock they formed the Vitagraph Company of America to produce and distribute films. While Blackton was the production head--involving himself in casting, writing, producing, directing, and pretty much every aspect of filmmaking--Smith largely confined himself to the financial end of the company, although he did on occasion assist Blackton in the actual filmmaking process. It was as a financial wizard that Smith was of greatest help to Vitagraph, however, and he developed a reputation as a savvy--some even described him as ruthless--businessman (Mary Pickford once met with Smith to discuss the possibility of her signing with Vitagraph, but she took such a dislike to him that she stormed out of the meeting shortly after it began). Smith's foresight and business acumen helped build Vitagraph into the premier motion-picture studio of the early silent era.
In 1925 Vitagraph was sold to Warner Brothers and, for all practical purposes, Smith retired. Married three times--the last to actress Jean Paige--Smith died in Hollywood on August 1, 1958.
He is buried in Forest Lawn cemetery.
With J. Stuart Blackton and William T. Rock, formed pioneering production company Vitagraph Company of America.
Before he entered the film business, he fought in the British army in the Boer War in South Africa and was with Theodore Roosevelt's Rough Riders at the Battle of San Juan Hill in the Spanish-American War of 1898.
Brother of David Smith.
He had a reputation as a brusque, no-nonsense businessman, never letting sentiment or emotion get in the way of a deal. On at least one occasion, though, that backfired on him. In 1916, as the head of Vitagraph Studios, he was about to sign Mary Pickford to a $10,000-a-week contract. Pickford, who adored children, asked if she could see Smith's new baby. Smith curtly replied, "Let's get this business off our minds first." Pickford, outraged at his putting business matters ahead of his own child, answered, "Well, then, I'll never see it!" and stormed out without signing the contract. Shortly afterwards she signed with Famous Players-Lasky, and was on her way to superstardom.
Brother of W. Steve Smith Jr..
In his autobiography, "Two Reels and a Crank" (1952), he claimed to have secured a close-up view of President William McKinley at the moment he was shot by assassin Leon Czolgosz on 6 September, 1901. He claimed, by the time of that writing, that the original strip of film had deteriorated to only a few frames.
Traveled to South Africa to shoot scenes of real battles of the Second Boer War, 1899.
In 1915 was a founding partner of V-L-S-E, a film distribution company.
Personal Quotes (2)
[in 1919, about the early days of the motion picture industry] It was the struggle in the early days of the industry that taught me the value of studying the public wants and cooperating with the exhibitor.
[about John Bunny and Flora Finch, who made many films for him at Vitagraph as a comedy team and who many filmgoers mistakenly believed were husband and wife] They cordially hated each other.
- IMDb Mini Biography By: frankfob2@yahoo.com
[Source: https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0807236/bio]
=============================================================================================
March, 1948, Smith received an Oscar Award at the 20th annual awards ceremony. It was presented by Jean Hersholt. The inscription on the base of the Oscar reads: "One of the small group of pioneers whose belief in a new medium, and whose contributions to its development, blazed the trail along which the motion picture has progressed, in their lifetime, from obscurity to world-wide acclaim."
After early legal issues with the Edison company, Vitagraph Studios was very successful in the early silent era, moving to the Flatbush area of Brooklyn in 1905. However, it became financially unstable during World War I and in 1925, Smith sold the company to Warner Brothers and retired.
[Source: https://upclosed.com/people/albert-e-smith/]
==========================================================================================
Albert E. Smith (writer) Articles: "New York Times" (USA), 3 August 1958, pg. 80:3, "Albert Smith, 83, Film Pioneer Dies; Inventor of Vitagraph Was Co-Founder of Firm that Achieved Early Success", "Variety" (USA), 6 April 1958, pg. 80:3, "Albert E. Smith", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 11 April 1925, pg. 587, "Vitagraph to Release 30 Productions, President Albert E. Smith Announces", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 14 February 1925, pg. 654, "M.P.T.O.A. Congratulates Albert Smith and Vitagraph", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 7 February 1925, pg. 547, "Vitagraph Quits Hays Organization, Quoting 'Live and Let Live' Belief", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 24 January 1925, pg. 379, "President Albert E. Smith Reviews Vitagraph's Record", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 13 December 1924, pg. 655, "Vitagraph Exchanges Receive a Wire from President Smith", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 30 April 1924, pg. 725, "Vitagraph Head Personally Editing 'Captain Blood'", "Motion Picture World" (MSA), 29 December 1923, pg. 798, "A Christmas Warning Against Pessimism and Extravagance", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 15 December 1923, pg. 634, "'Captain Blood' Screen Rights Bought by Smith", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 27 October 1923, pg. 725, "Albert E. Smith Goes to Look Over Conditions in Europe", "Photoplay" (USA), March 1921, pg. 8, by: Cal York, "Plays and Players [Paige/Smith wedding]", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 25 December 1920, pg. 1008, "Albert E. Smith Says 1921 Is to Be a Very Successful Year for Vitagraph", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 25 December 1920, pg. 989, "Albert E. Smith, Vitagraph President, Weds Jean Paige, Popular Screen Star", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 2 October 1920, pg. 681, "Albert E. Smith Returns East After Trip to Vitagraph's Western Studio", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 7 February 1920, pg. 914, "Mrs. Albert Smith Dies [24 Jan. 1920, pneumonia]", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 26 April 1919, pg. 535, "Albert E. Smith Reviews Trade History", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 19 April 1919, pg. 359, "Entire Vitagraph Plant Will Move to Los Angeles", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 22 March 1919, pg. 1624, "Albert E. Smith Goes West to Attend Family Reunion", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 1 February 1919, pg. 603-04, by: A.E. Smith, "Screen Set for Photoplay's Ibsen", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 23 November 1918, pg. 824, "School of Pantomime for Screen Aspirants Planned", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 1 July 1916, pg. 64, "General Film Company in No Danger of Receiver", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 4 December 1915, pg. 1802, "Vitagraph Plans", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 1 May 1915, pg. 703-04, "Scope of the 'V-L-S-E'", "New York Dramatic Mirror" (USA), 21 April 1915, pg. 24:2, "'Big Four' [Smith, W.N. Selig, Ira Lowry, George K. Spoor] Surprises Film Men; Vitagraph-Lubin-Selig-Essanay Combination Means Radical Departure by Motion Picture Pioneers--Exchange Managers Appointed and Preparations Under Way for Flying Start", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 8 February 1908, pg. 95, "Interviews with Manufacturers" He is buried in Forest Lawn cemetery., He was a co-founder, with 'J. Stuart Blackton' (qv), and treasurer of the Vitagraph Corporation of America., Before he entered the film business, he fought in the British army in the Boer War in South Africa and was with 'Theodore Roosevelt' (qv)'s Rough Riders at the Battle of San Juan Hill in the Spanish-American War of 1898., Brother of 'David Smith (I)' (qv)., He had a reputation as a brusque, no-nonsense businessman, never letting sentiment or emotion get in the way of a deal. On at least one occasion, though, that backfired on him. In 1916, as the head of Vitagraph Studios, he was about to sign 'Mary Pickford' (qv) to a $10,000-a-week contract. Pickford, who adored children, asked if she could see Smith's new baby. Smith curtly replied, "Let's get this business off our minds first." Pickford, outraged at his putting business matters ahead of his own child, answered, "Well, then, I'll never see it!" and stormed out without signing the contract. Shortly afterwards she signed with Famous Players-Lasky, and was on her way to superstardom., Brother of 'W. Steve Smith Jr.' (qv). Death Notes: Hollywood, California, USA Quotes: [in 1919, nearly the untimely days of the motion see industry] It be the grapple inside the babyhood of the industry that qualified me the plus point of study the local wishes and cooperate near the exhibitor." Birth Notes: Faversham, Kent, England, UK Books: Albert E. Smith. _Two Reels and a Crank._ Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1952. Birth Name: Smith, Albert Edward Spouse: 'Hazel Neason' (qv) (January 1913 - 24 January 1920) (her death), 'May' (? - 1912) (divorced), 'Jean Paige' (qv) (14 December 1920 - 1 August 1958) (his death); 6 children Death Date: 1 August 1958 Birth Date: 4 June 1875
Jean Paige (actress) Articles: "Photoplay" (USA), March 1921, pg. 88, by: Cal York, "Plays and Players [Paige weds Smith]", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 25 December 1920, pg. 989, "Albert E. Smith, Vitagraph President, Weds Jean Paige, Popular Screen Star", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 11 September 1920, pg. 240, "Vitagraph Will Star Jean Paige in 'Black Beauty'", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 3 January 1920, pg. 105, "Joe Ryan and Jen Paige Will Be Co-Starred in New Vitagraph Serial", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 12 July 1919, pg. 236, "Jean Paige Signs a New Contract with Vitagraph", "Motion Picture World" (USA), 13 July 1918, pg. 216, "Jean Paige Signs Vitagraph Contract" Death Notes: Los Angeles, California, USA Birth Notes: Paris, Illinois, USA Birth Name: O'Hair, Lucile Beatrice Spouse: 'Albert E. Smith' (qv) (1920 - ?) Death Date: 15 December 1990 Birth Date: 3 July 1895
-----------------------------------
Santa Barbara County, California Queries From 1996 to 2003
DATE: 12/30/96 NAME: Chet Burgraff SURNAMES: SMITH ENG>NYC>SANTA BARBARA CA, ca.1880/90 Looking for information on the ROBERT SMITH family, who located in the Santa Barbara area at the end of the 19th century. Parents: Robert and Emma SMITH Children: Henry David (NYC), ALBERT E. (NYC), George, Steven, Victor and Emma (all born in Santa Barbara, CA), and William S. (NYC or SB). The family was prominent in the pioneer motion picture business, both in the NYC area and in So. California. Albert E. SMITH supposedly build the Flying "A" studios (1910-1921) in Santa Barbara and was one of the owners of Vitagraph Studios (1897). HENRY DAVID SMITH was a motion picture director in the Vitagraph Studios.(Revised 1/13/97)
==================================================================
Producer, cameraman, magician
Smith was born on 4 June 1874 in Faversham, Kent, the son of a market gardener. When Albert was in his mid-teens the Smith family emigrated to the United States. While the family journeyed to California, Albert stayed in New York to try his fortune as a performer. The young Smith had a natural aptitude for mechanics, which led to his perfecting and patenting a loose-leaf ledger system, developing early automobile parts, but also to a gift for magic and sleight-of-hand. It was this latter talent that led him to team up with a talented cartoonist from England, J. Stuart Blackton, and another Englishman Ronald Reader to form a touring trio, presenting magic, magic lanterns, drawings, ventriloquism and recitations. Blackton found a small fame through being filmed for Edison as a cartoonist in August 1896, and early in 1897 they acquired an Edison projector and began exhibiting films as part of their act. Their partnership of March 1897 was initally called Edison Vitagraph, a title deliberately close to the Edison Vitascope. Still continuing with their magic show (as they would do until July 1898), Smith and Blackton started producing advertising slides and the occasional advertising film under the title the Commercial Advertising Bureau. Smith converted the projector into a camera and the American Vitagraph began film production in late 1897, first simple actualities, then their first fiction film, The Burglar on the Roof (1898), with Blackton acting and Smith operating the camera. The company found also success with Tearing Down the Spanish Flag (1898), a simple symbolic drama capitalising on the Spanish-American war.
The partnership was founded on Blackton's dramatic flair and Smith's technical know-how, which included a vital reframing device for the Vitagraph projector. They also soon found themselves battling against the Edison company, over patent infringement and violation of copyright - they had been duplicating some of William Paley's Spanish-American War films - then with exhibitor William Rock which, however, resulted in alliance and Rock joining Blackton and Smith as the third member of Vitagraph in August/September 1898. 'Pop' Rock brought experience and stability to the company, though his presence did not prevent Smith getting into scrapes such as the Jeffries v Sharkey boxing match on 3 November 1899, when Smith pirated film of the fight under the bright lights set up by William Brady and the Biograph camera team. Following the Edison law suit Vitagraph had been operating under licence, passing on their negatives to Edison after a period of months, and when this agreement was terminated in 1900, for a period 1901-02 Vitagraph did not produce films at all.
After such rocky beginnings, with 1905 and the arrival of the Nickelodeon period Vitagraph began to flourish, becoming incorporated as the Vitagraph Company of America, and rapidly turning into a major producer and soon with Biograph the pre-eminent American film company in the pre-First World War period. A studio was opened in California in 1911, and a stock company developed that included such internationally popular actors as Florence Turner, Maurice Costello, John Bunny, Flora Finch and Clara Kimball Young. From being the technical genius of the partnership Smith became the financial brains behind Vitagraph, running the company with a somewhat cold-hearted efficiency while Rock died and Blackton departed. Vitagraph ceased to be the power it had once been after the war, and the company was purchased by Warner Bros. in 1925. On his retirement Smith indulged in his favourite occupation, yachting, and wrote a singularly inaccurate autobiography, which includes an entirely imaginary visit to the Boer War. He gave employment to many siblings (he was one of eight children), including George who managed Vitagraph's London office, Stephen the studio manager, and David a director. Two of his three wives were film actresses: Hazel Neason and Jean Paige. In 1947 he was one of a small group of American pioneers (George K. Spoor, William Selig and Thomas Armat) given a special Academy Award for their contributions to the development of motion pictures.
Luke McKernan (1996, updated 2014)
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Mini Bio (1)
Pioneering film producer and studio executive Albert E. Smith was born in Favershem, County Kent, England, on June 4, 1875, the son of a gardener. There were 9 children in the Smith family--Albert, seven brothers and a sister--and when he was three years old the entire family emigrated to the US, eventually settling in Santa Barbara, California. After a series of uneventful jobs, he took up a career as an illusionist, calling himself "The King of Entertainers". He eventually hooked up with another expatriate Brit, J. Stuart Blackton, and they formed an act and took it on the road. It was somewhat successful, but didn't offer quite the rewards they had envisioned. He and Blackton saw the potential in the burgeoning motion-picture business, and together with William T. Rock they formed the Vitagraph Company of America to produce and distribute films. While Blackton was the production head--involving himself in casting, writing, producing, directing, and pretty much every aspect of filmmaking--Smith largely confined himself to the financial end of the company, although he did on occasion assist Blackton in the actual filmmaking process. It was as a financial wizard that Smith was of greatest help to Vitagraph, however, and he developed a reputation as a savvy--some even described him as ruthless--businessman (Mary Pickford once met with Smith to discuss the possibility of her signing with Vitagraph, but she took such a dislike to him that she stormed out of the meeting shortly after it began). Smith's foresight and business acumen helped build Vitagraph into the premier motion-picture studio of the early silent era.
In 1925 Vitagraph was sold to Warner Brothers and, for all practical purposes, Smith retired. Married three times--the last to actress Jean Paige--Smith died in Hollywood on August 1, 1958.
- IMDb Mini Biography By: frankfob2@yahoo.com
Spouse (3)
Jean Paige (14 December 1920 - 1 August 1958) (his death) (6 children)
Hazel Neason (January 1913 - 24 January 1920) (her death)
Mary May (1897 - 1912) (divorced)
Trivia (10)
He is buried in Forest Lawn cemetery.
With J. Stuart Blackton and William T. Rock, formed pioneering production company Vitagraph Company of America.
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0807236/bio
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date of Birth 4 June 1875, Faversham, Kent, England, UK
Date of Death 1 August 1958, Hollywood, California, USA
Birth Name Albert Edward Smith
Nickname A.E.
Mini Bio (1)
Pioneering film producer and studio executive Albert E. Smith was born in Favershem, County Kent, England, on June 4, 1875, the son of a gardener. There were 9 children in the Smith family--Albert, seven brothers and a sister--and when he was three years old the entire family emigrated to the US, eventually settling in Santa Barbara, California. After a series of uneventful jobs, he took up a career as an illusionist, calling himself "The King of Entertainers". He eventually hooked up with another expatriate Brit, J. Stuart Blackton, and they formed an act and took it on the road. It was somewhat successful, but didn't offer quite the rewards they had envisioned. He and Blackton saw the potential in the burgeoning motion-picture business, and together with William T. Rock they formed the Vitagraph Company of America to produce and distribute films. While Blackton was the production head--involving himself in casting, writing, producing, directing, and pretty much every aspect of filmmaking--Smith largely confined himself to the financial end of the company, although he did on occasion assist Blackton in the actual filmmaking process. It was as a financial wizard that Smith was of greatest help to Vitagraph, however, and he developed a reputation as a savvy--some even described him as ruthless--businessman (Mary Pickford once met with Smith to discuss the possibility of her signing with Vitagraph, but she took such a dislike to him that she stormed out of the meeting shortly after it began). Smith's foresight and business acumen helped build Vitagraph into the premier motion-picture studio of the early silent era.
In 1925 Vitagraph was sold to Warner Brothers and, for all practical purposes, Smith retired. Married three times--the last to actress Jean Paige--Smith died in Hollywood on August 1, 1958.
- IMDb Mini Biography By: frankfob2@yahoo.com
Spouse (3)
Jean Paige (14 December 1920 - 1 August 1958) (his death) (6 children)
Hazel Neason (January 1913 - 24 January 1920) (her death)
Mary May (1897 - 1912) (divorced)
Trivia (10)
He is buried in Forest Lawn cemetery.
With J. Stuart Blackton and William T. Rock, formed pioneering production company Vitagraph Company of America.
Before he entered the film business, he fought in the British army in the Boer War in South Africa and was with Theodore Roosevelt's Rough Riders at the Battle of San Juan Hill in the Spanish-American War of 1898.
Brother of David Smith.
He had a reputation as a brusque, no-nonsense businessman, never letting sentiment or emotion get in the way of a deal. On at least one occasion, though, that backfired on him. In 1916, as the head of Vitagraph Studios, he was about to sign Mary Pickford to a $10,000-a-week contract. Pickford, who adored children, asked if she could see Smith's new baby. Smith curtly replied, "Let's get this business off our minds first." Pickford, outraged at his putting business matters ahead of his own child, answered, "Well, then, I'll never see it!" and stormed out without signing the contract. Shortly afterwards she signed with Famous Players-Lasky, and was on her way to superstardom.
Brother of W. Steve Smith Jr..
Followed Theodore Roosevelt's Rough Riders into battle at San Juan Hill during the Spanish-American War, 1 July 1898.
In his autobiography, "Two Reels and a Crank" (1952), he claimed to have secured a close-up view of President William McKinley at the moment he was shot by assassin Leon Czolgosz on 6 September, 1901. He claimed, by the time of that writing, that the original strip of film had deteriorated to only a few frames.
Traveled to South Africa to shoot scenes of real battles of the Second Boer War, 1899.
In 1915 was a founding partner of V-L-S-E, a film distribution company.
Personal Quotes (2)
[in 1919, about the early days of the motion picture industry] It was the struggle in the early days of the industry that taught me the value of studying the public wants and cooperating with the exhibitor.
[about John Bunny and Flora Finch, who made many films for him at Vitagraph as a comedy team and who many filmgoers mistakenly believed were husband and wife] They cordially hated each other.
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0807236/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | SMITH, Albert Edward (I10455)
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| 633 |
Birth registered 4th Qtr 1877, Faversham, Kent, England | JUDGES, William George (I2788)
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| 634 |
Birth registered Blean district, vol. 5, p. 45. | APPLETON, Hannah (I2444)
|
| 635 |
Birth registered Dec Qtr 1910
1939 Register Builders Costing Clerk | DUNCAN, Cyril Howland (I10200)
|
| 636 |
Birth registered December Qtr., 1907, vol. 2a, page 948, Faversham District. | DUNCAN, Ethel May (I2207)
|
| 637 |
At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Living (I6831)
|
| 638 |
At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Living (I9867)
|
| 639 |
Birth registered late - Mar Qtr., 1880, (vol. 2a, p. 659) (aged 3 years on death registration). | BODEKER, Sydney ^ (I9688)
|
| 640 |
Birth registered Mar Qtr 1909
On 1939 Register he is a building inspector and estimator. | DUNCAN, Leslie Ivo (I10198)
|
| 641 |
Birth registered September Qtr., 1905. vol. 2a, page 1019, Faversham District.
In Faversham at time of 1939 Register. | DUNCAN, Mildred Florence (I2206)
|
| 642 |
Birth registered: Dec Qtr 1912
Death registered as follows:
Name: Samuel Lloyd Osborne
Birth Date: 1 Nov 1912
Date of Registration: May 1997
Age at Death: 84
Registration District: Dover
Inferred County: Kent
Register #DDA14, Entry #6
District and Subdistrict: 5631A
Entry #6 | OSBORNE, Samuel Lloyd (I11037)
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| 643 |
Birth registration
GREGORY, ELLEN TWIST
GRO Reference: 1850 J Quarter in FAVERSHAM Volume 05 Page 793
Death registration
Name: Ellen Ralph
Death Age: 79
Birth Date: abt 1850
Registration Date: Apr 1929
[May 1929]
[Jun 1929]
Registration Quarter: Apr-May-Jun
Registration district: Watford
Inferred County: Hertfordshire
Volume: 3a
Page: 942 | GREGORY, Ellen (I2433)
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| 644 |
Birth registration
RALPH, ALBERT DOUGLAS KNIGHT
GRO Reference: 1915 J Quarter in WATFORD Volume 03A Page 1642
Possible marriage
NameAlbert D Ralph
Registration DateApr 1945
Registration QuarterApr-May-Jun
Registration districtHendonInferred
CountyMiddlesex
Spouse Gladys N Williams
Volume Number3a
Page number1458 | RALPH, Albert Douglas (I18264)
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| 645 |
Birth registration
WEBB, MARY ANN MARIA PALMER
GRO Reference: 1855 D Quarter in LEWISHAM UNION Volume 01D Page 625 | PALMER, Mary Ann (I2652)
|
| 646 |
birth registration
2a, 767, FAV | BERRY, Matilda Ellen (I6856)
|
| 647 |
Birth registration
Jun Qtr 1876 | COLLARD, Frank Stephen (I11586)
|
| 648 |
Birth registration
Jun Qtr 1912 | COLLARD, Ellen H. (I11598)
|
| 649 |
At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Living (I11599)
|
| 650 |
Birth registration
RALPH, DOROTHY BEATRICE KNIGHT
GRO Reference: 1911 M Quarter in WATFORD Volume 03A Page 844
Marriage registration
Marriages Dec 1933 (>99%)
Ralph Dorothy B Wright Watford 3a 2409
Wright Leslie C Ralph Watford 3a 2409
Children:
Births Dec 1940 (>99%)
WRIGHT Jennifer D RALPH Watford 3a 2273 Scan available - click to view
Births Mar 1946 (>99%)
Wright Christine M Ralph Watford 3a 2099
Births Mar 1949 (>99%)
Wright David J Ralph Watford 4b 444 | RALPH, Dorothy Beatrice (I18262)
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